Hainan’s tropical agricultural modernization path of the development of new agricultural cooperative……
Hainan’s tropical agricultural modernization path of the development of new agricultural cooperative organizations
Thousands of families scattered small-scale production, how to face the big market of national unity? Hainan, the choice is: the development of new agricultural cooperative organizations. This is the tropical Hainan’s successful experiences in agricultural development, agricultural modernization is the only way to Hainan.
professional cooperatives to help farmers sell vegetables
“ago, fearing pepper species can not sell out, and now in turn: the worry that pepper species do not come out.” Zhang Dechun is Haikou City Guanting灵山镇Yeung Village farmers, this morning, three acres of land at a small hot pepper, his face anxiously. Zhang Dechun
species since 1996 chili pepper in order to sell, sell a good price, he had used pepper flatbed pulled to Fu, to go to set up a stall selling Wenchang. Pepper difficult because the sale of a variety of the village are afraid; and because less pepper species, distribution business located near the village do not want to buy points, resulting in even more difficult to sell chili. For many years, Guanting Village farmers dare not boldly species winter chili pepper growing area in the village had not been more than 100 acres.
this phenomenon began to change from last winter. Villagers themselves on their own to set up a professional cooperatives Haikou — Green good fruit and vegetable production and marketing professional cooperatives, issuing pepper seeds to farmers, and then by the underwriters of pepper.
“of cooperatives in the village established a cold storage, ready for the villagers to buy pepper species. If the market well, hot peppers can be put in cold storage.” Zhang Dechun said, “because they are not selling does not have to worry about pepper out, the villagers kinds of chili enthusiasm to improve soon, last year the village of 200 hectares of pepper, with an average earn more than 2000 yuan per mu. “
in the recently concluded 2008 China (Hainan) International tropical agricultural winter Fair, the Green good fruit and vegetable production and marketing professional cooperatives and vegetables outside the customer to sign orders for 20,000 tons, the amount of 65 million yuan.
Yi Qun, chairman of the cooperative said that the establishment of fruit and vegetable production and marketing professional cooperatives, the farmers can be a simple division of labor, no longer like before, each farmers regardless of how many kinds of melons, vegetables and have to worry about production, sale, quality. Now, the cooperative has opened in Urumqi, Guiyang, Chongqing, Changsha and other fixed market, each year there are 20,000 tons of orders, melons, vegetables market has not unhappy, and now the focus of the work is to ensure the completion of orders. Haikou City
relevant person in charge of Agriculture, the Green good fruit and vegetable production and marketing professional cooperatives to set up, not only solved the Guanting Village farmers vegetables production and marketing problems, but has also brought about灵山镇and the surrounding township farmers planted more than 3000 Winter melons, vegetables and planting area in previous years by the development of 1,000 acres to 5,000 acres now. characteristics of tropical agriculture
boosters
“reform and opening up 30 years, Hainan innovative new mechanism for the operation of the agriculture, industrial management from scratch and have sprung up out of a large number of the New Kind of agricultural cooperation organizations, guiding farmers to become fairly well-off the ‘leader’. “Xiao Jie, the provincial agriculture department said that the” new agricultural cooperation organizations, the emergence of small farmers to solve production and circulation of the conflict between the big market, and promote Hainan agriculture to become a professional, large-scale industrialization of direction. “
reform and opening-up, along with the development of Tropical Agriculture, Hainan emergence of new types of agricultural cooperation organizations with four categories: professional farmers cooperatives , agricultural products, the professional market, the company + peasants, farmers and other industry associations +. Currently, there are all kinds of new agricultural cooperative organizations more than 2500, driven more than 60 million farmers and build a production base for planting 460 million mu, aquaculture production base of 24 million mu, led the development of three million livestock, poultry 4500 10000. Hainan University
experts pointed out that the reform and opening up to establish the dominant position of the family operation. But with the development of rural commodity economy, the family operating in the agricultural production and marketing of a disadvantage, that is, small farmers with the largest market gradually exposed contradictions between. All kinds of new agricultural cooperation organizations have emerged following the household contract management system of agricultural management after another great innovation, is a natural economic and negation of traditional agriculture is the household contract management to adapt to market-oriented agriculture, modern development of the inevitable.
Chinese version:海南热带农业现代化之路 发展新型农业合作组织
千家万户分散的小生产，如何面对全国统一的大市场？海南的选择是：发展新型农业合作组织。这是海南热带农业发展的成功经验，也是海南农业现代化必由之路。
专业合作社帮农民卖瓜菜
“以前，担心辣椒种出来卖不掉，现在反过来了：担心辣椒种不出来。”张德春是海口市灵山镇官厅洋村农民，今天上午，望着地里三亩小辣椒，他一脸焦急。
张德春从1996年开始种辣椒，为把辣椒卖掉、卖个好价格，他曾经用平板车拉着辣椒到府城、到文昌去摆摊叫卖。因为辣椒难卖，村里人不敢多种；而因为辣椒种的少，运销商不愿在村庄附近设收购点，导致辣椒更难卖。多少年来，官厅洋村农民冬季不敢放胆种辣椒，村中辣椒种植面积一直没超过100亩。
这种现象，从去年冬天开始改变。村民自发成立一个专业合作社———海口绿佳果菜产销专业合作社，给农民发放辣椒种子，然后包销种出来的辣椒。
“合作社在村头建立了冷库，随时可以收购村民种的辣椒。如果行情不好，辣椒可以放到冷库里存放。”张德春说，“由于不用再担心辣椒卖不掉，村民种辣椒积极性提高很快，去年全村种辣椒200多亩，平均每亩赚2000多元。”
在不久前结束的2008年中国(海南)国际热带农产品冬季交易会上，绿佳果菜产销专业合作社与岛外客户签下瓜菜2万吨订单，金额6500万元。
合作社理事长郭义群说，成立果菜产销专业合作社后，农民可以进行简单分工，不用再像以前一样，每户农民不管种多少瓜菜，都要操心生产、销售、质量。现在，合作社已经开辟乌鲁木齐、贵阳、重庆、长沙等固定市场，每年订单有2万吨，瓜菜销路已经不用愁了，眼下工作的重点是保证订单完成。
海口市农业局有关负责人介绍，绿佳果菜产销专业合作社的成立，不仅解决了官厅洋村农民瓜菜产销难题，而且带动灵山镇及周边乡镇3000多农户种植冬季瓜菜，种植面积由前几年1000多亩发展到现在的5000多亩。
热带特色农业助推器
“改革开放30年，海南创新农业经营新机制，产业化经营从无到有，雨后春笋般涌现出一大批各类新型农业合作组织，成为引导农民奔小康的‘领头羊’。”省农业厅厅长肖杰说，“新型农业合作组织的出现，解决了农民小生产与流通大市场之间的矛盾，推动海南农业向专业化、规模化、产业化方向发展。”
改革开放后，伴随着热带农业发展，海南涌现的各类新型农业合作组织主要有四类：农民专业合作社、农产品专业市场、公司+农民、行业协会+农民等。目前，全省共有各类新型农业合作组织2500余个，带动农户60多万个，共建种植业生产基地460万亩、水产养殖生产基地24万亩，带动发展牲畜300万头、禽类4500万只。
海南大学有关专家指出，改革开放确立了家庭经营主体地位。但随着农村商品经济发展，家庭经营在农业产销上的劣势，即小农户与大市场之间矛盾逐渐暴露。各类新型农业合作组织的涌现是继家庭承包经营后农业经营制度的又一次伟大创新，是对自然经济和传统农业的否定，是家庭承包经营适应农业市场化、现代化发展的必然。2009-03-22